"Hipertensão e Endotélio"

 

  • Dr. Celso Amodeo
  • Dr. Eduardo Pimenta

Referências

1- Vanhoutte PM. Endothelium and control of cardiovascular function. Hypertension 1989;13:658-67.

2- Moncada S, Vane JR. Pharmacology and exogenous roles of prostaglandin endoperoxides, thromboxane A2 and prostacyclin. Pharmacol Rev 1979; 30:293-331.

3- Komatsu Y, Itoh H, Suga S, et al. Regulation of endothelial production of C-type natriuretic peptide in coculture with vascular smooth muscle cells: role of the vascular natriurétic peptide system in vascular growth inhibition. Circ Res 1996; 78:606-14.

4- Vanhoutte PM. Vascular physiology: the end of the quest? Nature 1987; 327:459-60.

5- Palmer RM, Ashton DS, Moncada S. Vascular endothelial cells synthesise nitric oxide from L-arginine. Nature 1988; 333:664-6.

6- Yanagisawa M, Kurihara H, Kimura S, et al. A novel potent vasoconstrictor peptide produced by vascular endothelial cells. Nature 1988; 332:411-5.

7- Ferro CJ, Webb DJ. Endothelial dysfunction and hypertension. Drugs 1997; 53(Suppl.1):30-41.

8- Cooke J, Tsao P. Is nitric oxide and endogenous antiatherogenic molecule? Arterioscler Thromb 1994;14:653-5.

9- Garg JC, Hassid A. Nitric oxide-generating vasodilators and 8-bromo-cyclic guanosine monophosphate inhibit mitogenesis and proliferation of cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells. J Clin Invest 1989; 83:1774-7.

10- Ferro CJ, Webb DJ. The clinical potential of endothelin receptor antagonists in cardiovascular medicine. Drugs 1996; 51:12-27.

11- Panza JA, Quyymmi AA, Brush J, et al. Abnormal endothelium-dependent vascular relaxation in patients with essential hypertension. N Engl J Med 1990; 323:22-27.

12- Gryglewski RJ, Palmer RMJ, Moncada S. Superoxide anion is involved in the breakdown of endothelium-derived vascular relaxing factor. Nature 1986; 320:454-6.

13- Pinsky DJ, Patton S, Mesaros S, Brovkovych V et al. Mechanical transduction of nitric oxide synthesis in the beating heart. Circ Res 1997; 81:372-379.

14- Zeballos GA, Bernstein RD, Thompson CI et al. Pharmacodynamics of plasma nitrate/nitrite as an indication of nitric oxide formation in conscious dogs. Circulation 1995; 91:2982-8.

15- Hornig B, Drexler H. Steps ahead in the non-invasive testing of vascular function. J Hypertens 2002; 20:697-8.

16- Williams SB, Cusco JA, Roddy MA et al. Impaired nitric oxide-mediated vasodilation in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. J Am Coll Cardiol 1996; 27:567-74.

17- Drexler H, Zeiher A, Meinzer K et al. Correction of endothelial dysfunction in coronary microcirculation of hypercholesterolemic patients by L-arginine. Lancet 1991; 338:1546-50.

18- Celermaier DS, Sorensen KE, Georgakopoulos D, et al. Cigarette smoking is associated with dose-related and potentially reversible impairment of endothelium-dependent dilation in healthy young adults. Circulation 1993; 88:2149-55.

19- Schächinger V, Britten MB, Zeiher AM. Prognostic impact of coronary vasodilator dysfunction on adverse long-term outcome of coronary heart disease. Circulation 200; 101:1899-906.

20- Al Suwaidi JA, Hamasaki S, Higano ST, et al. Long-term follow-up of patients with mild coronary artery disease and endothelial dysfunction. Circulation 200; 101:948-54.

21- Heitzer T, Schlinzig T, Krohn K, et al. Endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and risk of cardiovascular events in patients with coronary artery disease. Circulation 2001; 104:2673.

22- Taddei S, Virdis MP, Arzilli F, et al. Endothelium-dependent forearm vasodilatation is reduced in mormotensive subjects with familial history of hypertension. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1992; 20(Suppl.12):S193-5.

23- Vuilleumier P, Decosterd D, Maillard M, et al. Postischemic forearm skin reactive hyperemia is related to CV risk factors in a healthy female population. J Hypertens 2002; 20:1753-7.

24- Taddei S, Virdis A, Buralli S, et al. Effect of calcium antagonist or beta blockade treatment on nitric oxide-dependent vasodilation and oxidative stress in essential hypertensive patients. J Hypertens 2001; 19:1-8.

25- Schiffrin LE, Deng LY. Structure and function of resistance arteries of hypertensive patients treated with a β-blocker or a calcium channel antagonist. J Hypertens 1996; 14:1247-55.

26- Gao Y, Nagao T, Bond RA, et al. Nebivolol induces endothelium-dependent relaxations of canine coronary arteries. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1991; 17:964-9.

27- Watanabe H, Nakagawa K. Carvedilol improves endothelial dysfunction in patients with essential hypertension. Circulation 1999; 100 (abst):I-104.

28- Frielingsdorf J, Seoler C, Kauffman P, et al. Normalization of abnormal coronary vasomotion by calcium antagonists in patients with hypertension. Circulation 1996; 93:1380-7.

29- Mak TI, Boehme P, Weglicki WB. Antioxidant effects of calcium channel blockers against free radical injury in endothelial cells. Circ Res 1992; 70:1099-103.

30- Himmel HM, Whorton AR, Strauss HC. Intracellular calcium, current and stimulus-response coupling in endothelial cells. Hypertension 1993; 21:112-7.

31- Griendling K, Ollerenshaw JD, Minieri CA, et al. Angiotensin II stimulates NADH and NADPH activity in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells. Circ Res 1994; 74:1141-8.

32- Schiffrin EL, Deng Li-Y. Comparison of effects angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibition and β-blockade for 2 years on function of small arteries form hypertensive patients. Hypertension 1995; 25(Pt2):699-703.

33- Rizzoni D, Muiesan ML, Porteri E et al. Effects of long-term antihypertensive treatment with lisinopril on resistance arteries inhypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy. J Hypertens 1997; 15:197-204.

34- Mimram A, Ribstein J, DuCailar G. Contrasting effect of antihypertensive treatment on the renal response to L-Arginine. Hypertension 1995; 26(Pt1):937-41.

35- Taddei S, Virdis A, Ghiadoni L, et al. Effects of antihypertensive drugs on endothelial dysfunction. Drugs 2002; 62(2):265-84.